Table 4

EPILEPTIC SEIZURE TYPES AND PRECIPITATING STIMULI FOR REFLEX SEIZURES

Self-limited seizure types

Generalized seizures

• Tonic-clonic seizures (includes variations beginning with a clonic or myoclonic phase)
  
• Clonic seizures
  • Without tonic features
  • With tonic features
• Typical absence seizures
  
• Atypical absence seizures
  
• Myoclonic absence seizures
  
• Tonic seizures
  
• Spasms
  
• Myoclonic seizures
  
• Eyelid myoclonia
• Without absences
• With absences
• Myoclonic atonic seizures
• Negative myoclonus
• Atonic seizures
• Reflex seizures in generalized epilepsy syndromes

Focal seizures

• Focal sensory seizures
  • With elementary sensory symptoms (e.g., occipital and parietal lobe seizures)
  • With experiential sensory symptoms (e.g., temporo parieto occipital junction seizures)
• Focal motor seizures
  • With elementary clonic motor signs
  • With asymmetrical tonic motor seizures (e.g., supplementary motor seizures)
  • With typical (temporal lobe) automatisms (e.g., mesial temporal lobe seizures)
  • With hyperkinetic automatisms
  • With focal negative myoclonus
  • With inhibitory motor seizures
• Gelastic seizures
• Hemiclonic seizures
• Secondarily generalized seizures
• Reflex seizures in focal epilepsy syndromes

Continuous seizure types

Generalized status epilepticus

• Generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus
• Clonic status epilepticus
• Absence status epilepticus
• Tonic status epilepticus
• Myoclonic status epilepticus

Focal status epilepticus

• Epilepsia partialis continua of Kojevnikov
• Aura continua
• Limbic status epilepticus (psychomotor status)
• Hemiconvulsive status with hemiparesis

Precipitating stimuli for reflex seizures

• Visual stimuli
  • Flickering light -color to be specified when possible
  • Patterns
  • Other visual stimuli
• Thinking Music
• Eating
• Praxis
• Somatosensory
• Proprioceptive
• Reading
• Hot water
• Startle